How AKTU Calculates SGPA: Official Formula & Examples
Wondering how your semester GPA is computed under AKTU's Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)? Here is the exact mathematical formula, grade points matrix, and a complete worked example.
1. What is SGPA?
SGPA (Semester Grade Point Average) is a weighted numerical indicator reflecting a student's performance in a single academic term. Instead of taking a simple percentage average of all marks, AKTU assigns weights to each subject based on its Credits (hours of lecture, tutorial, and practical lab work per week).
2. The Official AKTU SGPA Formula
Under the AKTU CBCS Ordinance, SGPA is defined as the sum of products of course credits and earned grade points divided by the total semester credits:
Where Ci is the number of credits assigned to course i, and Gi is the grade point earned in course i.
3. AKTU 10-Point Grade Points Matrix
For each course, your combined marks (Internal Sessional + External Exam) out of 100 or 150 are mapped to a letter grade and numerical Grade Point (Gi):
| Letter Grade | Academic Meaning | Grade Point (Gi) | Marks Range (Standard %) |
|---|---|---|---|
| O | Outstanding | 10 | 90% and above |
| A+ | Excellent | 9 | 80% to 89% |
| A | Very Good | 8 | 70% to 79% |
| B+ | Good | 7 | 65% to 69% |
| B | Above Average | 6 | 60% to 64% |
| C | Average | 5 | 50% to 59% |
| P | Pass | 4 | 40% to 49% |
| F | Fail / Back Paper | 0 | Below 40% (or <30% in External) |
4. Step-by-Step Worked Calculation Example
Let's calculate the SGPA for a 3rd-year B.Tech student with 5 theory subjects and 2 practical laboratory courses:
| Subject Code | Credits (Ci) | Letter Grade | Grade Point (Gi) | Credit Points (Ci × Gi) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KCS-501 (DBMS) | 4 | A+ | 9 | 4 × 9 = 36 |
| KCS-502 (Compiler Design) | 4 | A | 8 | 4 × 8 = 32 |
| KCS-503 (Web Tech) | 3 | O | 10 | 3 × 10 = 30 |
| KNC-501 (UHV - Audit)* | 0 | S (Satisfactory) | 0 | Excluded (Audit) |
| KCS-551 (DBMS Lab) | 1 | O | 10 | 1 × 10 = 10 |
| KCS-552 (Compiler Lab) | 1 | A | 8 | 1 × 8 = 8 |
| Total | Σ Ci = 13 | - | - | Σ (Ci × Gi) = 116 |
Final SGPA Calculation:
SGPA = 116 / 13 = 8.92
*Notice that KNC-501 is an audit course carrying 0 credits; it requires a passing status ('S') to graduate, but its grade points do not factor into the SGPA formula.
Want to know your Cumulative CGPA?
Learn how to convert CGPA to percentage using the official AKTU formula.